October 1
- International Day of the Older Persons
- International Coffee Day
- World Vegetarian Day
October 2
- Gandhi Jayanti
- International Day of Non-Violence
- Lal Bahadur Shastri Jayanti
Important Days October 2024
First Cabinet of Independent India 1947
| S.No. | Name | State | Portfolio(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jawaharlal Nehru | Uttar Pradesh | Prime Minister, Commonwealth and Foreign Affairs; Minister of Scientific Research |
| 2 | Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel | Gujarat | Minister of Home, Information and Broadcasting, State Affairs |
| 3 | Dr. Rajendra Prasad | Bihar | Minister of Food and Agriculture |
| 4 | M. Abul Kalam Azad | West Bengal | Minister of Education |
| 5 | Dr. John Mathai | Kerala | Minister of Railways and Transport |
| 6 | Dr. B.R. Ambedkar | Maharashtra | Minister of Law |
| 7 | Jagjivan Ram | Bihar | Minister of Labor |
| 8 | Sardar Baldev Singh | Punjab | Minister of Defense |
| 9 | Rajkumari Amrit Kaur | Punjab | Minister of Health |
| 10 | C.H. Bhabha | Maharashtra | Minister of Commerce |
| 11 | Rafi Ahmed Kidwai | Uttar Pradesh | Minister of Communications |
| 12 | R. K. Shanmugam Shetty | Tamil Nadu | Finance Minister |
| 13 | Dr. Syama Prasad Mukherjee | West Bengal | Industry and Supply Minister |
| 14 | V.N. Gadgil | Maharashtra | Minister of Work, Mines, and Energy |
Predominant Elements in the Solar System
| S.No | Name | Maximum Present Element | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mercury | Oxygen | Smallest planet |
| 2 | Venus | Carbon Dioxide | Thick toxic atmosphere |
| 3 | Earth | Oxygen | Supports life |
| 4 | Mars | Carbon Dioxide | Known as the Red Planet |
| 5 | Jupiter | Hydrogen | Largest planet |
| 6 | Saturn | Hydrogen | Famous for its rings |
| 7 | Uranus | Hydrogen | Ice giant |
| 8 | Neptune | Hydrogen | Furthest planet from the Sun |
| 9 | Pluto (Dwarf) | Methane | Once considered the ninth planet |
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Our solar system is a diverse collection of celestial bodies, each with its unique characteristics. From the blazing Sun to the icy dwarf planet Pluto, the elements that make up these bodies tell a fascinating story of cosmic evolution. Here's an in-depth look at the major elements present in various planets and bodies within our solar system.
1. The Sun
Maximum Present Element: Hydrogen
Nobel Prize Fields : A Detailed Overview for Students
| Nobel Prize Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Peace | Awarded for efforts in promoting peace, resolving conflicts, and reducing arms. |
| Literature | Given for outstanding literary work in any language. |
| Chemistry | Honors achievements in the field of chemistry. |
| Physics | Recognizes discoveries and research in the field of physics. |
| Medicine | Awarded for significant contributions to medical science. |
| Economic Sciences | Given for contributions in economics; established in memory of Alfred Nobel. |
The Nobel Prize is one of the world’s most prestigious awards, given annually in recognition of significant contributions to humanity across various fields. Established by the will of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish inventor, engineer, and industrialist, the prize honors advancements that lead to profound benefits for society. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, following Alfred Nobel’s death in 1896. His intention was to create a lasting legacy that would recognize exceptional work in fields that were close to his heart.
This article will provide a detailed overview of the six Nobel Prize fields, including historical facts, notable winners, and the importance of each category, especially for students interested in learning how these fields contribute to global progress.
1. Nobel Peace Prize (శాంతి)
International Organizations and their Headquarters for RRB NTPC, IBPS, and similar exams
- Headquarters: New York, USA
- United Nations (UN)
- UNICEF
- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
- United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
Classical Languages of India : A Comprehensive Overview
India's cultural and linguistic heritage is vast and diverse, with several languages holding immense historical significance. The Government of India confers the prestigious Classical Language status to languages that meet specific criteria, such as having a rich history of literature and antiquity spanning at least 1500-2000 years. These languages are recognized for their cultural value, and this designation promotes the study, preservation, and development of the languages.
Criteria for Classical Language Status:
Financial & Regulatory Institutions and their Controlled or Regulated Areas
| Serial No. | Institution | Controlled/Regulated Areas |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reserve Bank of India (RBI) | Controls and regulates monetary policy, currency issuance, foreign exchange, and serves as the central bank of India. |
| 2 | Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) | Regulates the securities market, protects investor interests, and ensures fair capital market operations. |
| 3 | National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) | Provides credit for agriculture and rural development, regulates cooperative banks and RRBs. |
| 4 | Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) | Regulates the insurance sector and promotes the insurance industry in India. |
| 5 | Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) | Regulates and supervises pension systems, particularly the National Pension System (NPS). |
| 6 | Competition Commission of India (CCI) | Ensures competition in markets, prevents anti-competitive practices, and promotes consumer welfare. |
| 7 | Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) | Promotes and finances small and medium enterprises for industrial development. |
| 8 | Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank) | Facilitates India’s foreign trade by providing financial support for export and import transactions. |
| 9 | Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) | Provides financial support for industrial and infrastructure development. |
| 10 | Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) | Provides finance for housing and urban infrastructure development projects. |
| 11 | Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Pvt. Ltd. (BRBNMPL) | Engaged in printing banknotes, a wholly-owned subsidiary of RBI. |
| 12 | Bank Board Bureau (BBB) | Recommends appointments to the boards of public sector banks and financial institutions. |
| 13 | Indian Banks’ Association (IBA) | Coordinates and represents common banking sector issues and policies in India. |
| 14 | National Housing Bank (NHB) | Regulates housing finance institutions and promotes housing loans in India. |
| 15 | Ministry of Finance (Government of India) | Manages the government’s finances, taxation, and economic policies to maintain growth and stability. |
| 16 | National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) | Provides infrastructure for retail payments and settlements, like UPI and RuPay systems. |
| 17 | Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) | Handles industrial sickness and rehabilitates sick companies. |
| 18 | Credit Information Bureau India Limited (CIBIL) | Maintains credit records of individuals and organizations, provides credit scores. |
| 19 | Indian Financial System Code (IFSC) | Manages electronic fund transfers between banks through NEFT and RTGS systems. |
| సిరీయల్ నం. | సంస్థ | నియంత్రించే/నియమించే ప్రాంతాలు |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | రిజర్వ్ బ్యాంక్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (RBI) | ద్రవ్య విధానాన్ని నియంత్రిస్తుంది, కరెన్సీ జారీ చేస్తుంది, విదేశీ మారకాన్ని నియంత్రిస్తుంది, భారతదేశ కేంద్ర బ్యాంకుగా పనిచేస్తుంది. |
| 2 | సెక్యూరిటీస్ అండ్ ఎక్స్చేంజ్ బోర్డ్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (SEBI) | సెక్యూరిటీస్ మార్కెట్ను నియంత్రిస్తుంది, పెట్టుబడిదారుల ప్రయోజనాలను రక్షిస్తుంది, న్యాయమైన మూలధన మార్కెట్ కార్యకలాపాలను నిర్ధారిస్తుంది. |
| 3 | నేషనల్ బ్యాంక్ ఫర్ అగ్రికల్చర్ అండ్ రూరల్ డెవలప్మెంట్ (NABARD) | వ్యవసాయం మరియు గ్రామీణ అభివృద్ధికి క్రెడిట్ అందిస్తుంది, సహకార బ్యాంకులు మరియు ప్రాంతీయ గ్రామీణ బ్యాంకులను నియంత్రిస్తుంది. |
| 4 | ఇన్సూరెన్స్ రెగ్యులేటరీ అండ్ డెవలప్మెంట్ అథారిటీ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (IRDAI) | బీమా రంగాన్ని నియంత్రిస్తుంది మరియు భారతదేశంలో బీమా పరిశ్రమను ప్రోత్సహిస్తుంది. |
| 5 | పింఛన్ ఫండ్ రెగ్యులేటరీ అండ్ డెవలప్మెంట్ అథారిటీ (PFRDA) | ముఖ్యంగా నేషనల్ పింఛన్ సిస్టమ్ (NPS) వంటి పింఛన్ వ్యవస్థలను నియంత్రిస్తుంది మరియు పర్యవేక్షిస్తుంది. |
| 6 | పోటీ కమిషన్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (CCI) | మార్కెట్లలో పోటీని నిర్ధారిస్తుంది, పోటీకి వ్యతిరేకమైన విధానాలను అరికడుతుంది మరియు వినియోగదారుల సంక్షేమాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తుంది. |
| 7 | స్మాల్ ఇండస్ట్రీస్ డెవలప్మెంట్ బ్యాంక్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (SIDBI) | చిన్న మరియు మధ్య తరహా పరిశ్రమల (SMEs) అభివృద్ధికి ఫైనాన్స్ అందిస్తుంది. |
| 8 | ఎగుమతి-ఆమదము బ్యాంక్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (EXIM బ్యాంక్) | భారతదేశ విదేశీ వాణిజ్యాన్ని సులభతరం చేస్తుంది మరియు ఎగుమతి మరియు దిగుమతి లావాదేవీలకు ఆర్థిక మద్దతు అందిస్తుంది. |
| 9 | ఇండస్ట్రియల్ ఫైనాన్స్ కార్పొరేషన్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (IFCI) | పారిశ్రామిక మరియు మౌలిక వసతుల అభివృద్ధికి ఆర్థిక మద్దతు అందిస్తుంది. |
| 10 | హౌసింగ్ అండ్ అర్బన్ డెవలప్మెంట్ కార్పొరేషన్ (HUDCO) | ఇళ్ల నిర్మాణం మరియు పట్టణ మౌలిక వసతుల అభివృద్ధి ప్రాజెక్టులకు ఆర్థిక సహాయం అందిస్తుంది. |
| 11 | భారతీయ రిజర్వ్ బ్యాంక్ నోట్ ముద్రణ ప్రైవేట్ లిమిటెడ్ (BRBNMPL) | బ్యాంకు నోట్లు ముద్రించే సంస్థ, ఇది రిజర్వ్ బ్యాంక్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా యొక్క అనుబంధ సంస్థ. |
| 12 | బ్యాంక్ బోర్డ్ బ్యూరో (BBB) | ప్రభుత్వ రంగ బ్యాంకులు మరియు ఆర్థిక సంస్థల బోర్డులకు నియామకాలు సూచిస్తుంది. |
| 13 | ఇండియన్ బ్యాంక్స్ అసోసియేషన్ (IBA) | భారతదేశ బ్యాంకింగ్ రంగ సమస్యలు మరియు విధానాలను సమన్వయం చేయడం మరియు ప్రతినిధ్యం వహించడం. |
| 14 | నేషనల్ హౌసింగ్ బ్యాంక్ (NHB) | హౌసింగ్ ఫైనాన్స్ సంస్థలను నియంత్రిస్తుంది మరియు భారతదేశంలో హౌసింగ్ లోన్లను ప్రోత్సహిస్తుంది. |
| 15 | ఆర్థిక మంత్రిత్వ శాఖ (భారత ప్రభుత్వం) | ప్రభుత్వం యొక్క ఆర్థికాలు, పన్నులు మరియు ఆర్థిక విధానాలను నిర్వహిస్తుంది, వృద్ధి మరియు స్థిరత్వాన్ని కొనసాగిస్తుంది. |
| 16 | నేషనల్ పేమెంట్స్ కార్పొరేషన్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (NPCI) | చిన్నతరహా చెల్లింపులు మరియు సెటిల్మెంట్ల మౌలిక వసతులను అందిస్తుంది, యూపీఐ మరియు రూపే వ్యవస్థలు. |
| 17 | బోర్డ్ ఫర్ ఇండస్ట్రియల్ అండ్ ఫైనాన్షియల్ రీకన్స్ట్రక్షన్ (BIFR) | పారిశ్రామిక అనారోగ్యాన్ని మరియు అనారోగ్య కంపెనీలను పునరుద్ధరిస్తుంది. |
| 18 | క్రెడిట్ ఇన్ఫర్మేషన్ బ్యూరో ఇండియా లిమిటెడ్ (CIBIL) | వ్యక్తులు మరియు సంస్థల క్రెడిట్ రికార్డులను నిర్వహిస్తుంది మరియు క్రెడిట్ స్కోర్లు అందిస్తుంది. |
| 19 | ఇండియన్ ఫైనాన్షియల్ సిస్టమ్ కోడ్ (IFSC) | NEFT మరియు RTGS వ్యవస్థల ద్వారా బ్యాంకుల మధ్య ఎలక్ట్రానిక్ నిధుల బదిలీలను నిర్వహిస్తుంది. |
Major Production Revolutions in India
| Revolution | Resource/Production | Telugu Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Black Revolution | Petroleum Production | బ్లాక్ రివల్యూషన్ – పెట్రోలియం ఉత్పత్తి |
| Silver Fiber Revolution | Cotton Production | సిల్వర్ ఫైబర్ రివల్యూషన్ – పత్తి ఉత్పత్తి |
Major Ports of India : Lifelines of Maritime Trade
13 Major Ports of India
| S. No. | Port Name | State/UT | Telugu |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kolkata Port | West Bengal | కొలకతా పోర్టు - పశ్చిమ బెంగాల్ |
| 2 | Paradip Port | Odisha | పరదీప్ పోర్టు - ఒడిషా |
| 3 | Visakhapatnam Port | Andhra Pradesh | విశాఖపట్నం పోర్టు - ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ |
| 4 | Kamarajar Port | Tamil Nadu | కామరాజర్ పోర్టు - తమిళనాడు |
| 5 | Chennai Port | Tamil Nadu | చెన్నై పోర్టు - తమిళనాడు |
| 6 | Tuticorin Port | Tamil Nadu | తూత్తుకుడి పోర్టు - తమిళనాడు |
| 7 | Cochin Port | Kerala | కొచ్చిన్ పోర్టు - కేరళ |
| 8 | New Mangalore Port | Karnataka | న్యూ మంగలూరు పోర్టు - కర్ణాటక |
| 9 | Mormugao Port | Goa | మోర్ముగావ్ పోర్టు - గోవా |
| 10 | Mumbai Port | Maharashtra | ముంబాయి పోర్టు - మహారాష్ట్ర |
| 11 | Jawaharlal Nehru Port | Maharashtra | జవహర్లాల్ నెహ్రూ పోర్టు - మహారాష్ట్ర |
| 12 | Kandla Port | Gujarat | కండ్లా పోర్టు - గుజరాత్ |
| 13 | Port Blair Port | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | పోర్ట్ బ్లెయిర్ పోర్టు - అండమాన్ మరియు నికోబార్ దీవులు |
India, with its long coastline of over 7,500 kilometers, has always had a strategic advantage in maritime activities. Ports have played a crucial role in shaping the country's economy by facilitating trade, transport, and communication. India's 13 major ports serve as essential nodes for imports and exports, linking the nation to global markets. These ports are located along the eastern and western coasts of India and play a critical role in the country's economic growth.
Let’s delve into the 13 major ports of India, their significance, and some key facts about each.
1. Kolkata Port - West Bengal (కొలకతా పోర్టు - పశ్చిమ బెంగాల్)
The Legacy of Nobel Prizes in the Curie Family : A Scientific Dynasty
The Curie family holds a remarkable place in the history of science, not only for their groundbreaking discoveries but also for their unprecedented number of Nobel Prizes. Over two generations, members of this family have made extraordinary contributions to physics and chemistry, solidifying their legacy as one of the most celebrated scientific dynasties in history. Here's an exploration of the Nobel Prize achievements within the Curie family.
Important Days for Competitive Exams || Government Jobs
- September , 29 ::
- World Heart Day
- To raise awareness about Cardiovascular diseases and Promote heart health globally.
- First Observed : 2000
- World Heart Day
- To raise awareness about Cardiovascular diseases and Promote heart health globally.
- First Observed : 2000
Geographical Superlative Facts
| Title | Description |
|---|---|
| Lowest Point on Earth | The Dead Sea, located between Israel, Jordan, and Palestine, is the lowest point on Earth's surface. |
| Highest Mountain | Mount Everest, standing at 8,848 meters (29,029 feet), is the tallest mountain in the world, located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and China. |
| Longest River | The Nile River, flowing through northeastern Africa, is the longest river in the world, stretching about 6,650 kilometers (4,130 miles). |
| Largest Desert (non-polar) | The Sahara Desert in Africa is the largest hot desert in the world, covering approximately 9.2 million square kilometers (3.6 million square miles). |
| Deepest Ocean Trench | The Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean is the deepest part of the world's oceans, reaching a maximum known depth of about 11,034 meters (36,201 feet). |
| Largest Ocean | The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering about 63 million square miles (165 million square kilometers). |
| Largest Lake (by area) | The Caspian Sea, located between Europe and Asia, is the largest enclosed inland body of water by area, covering about 371,000 square kilometers (143,000 square miles). |
| Largest Freshwater Lake (by volume) | Lake Baikal in Russia is the largest freshwater lake by volume, containing about 20% of the world's unfrozen surface freshwater. |
| Largest Island | Greenland, located in the North Atlantic, is the world's largest island that is not a continent, covering about 2.166 million square kilometers (836,000 square miles). |
| Smallest Country | Vatican City, an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy, is the smallest country in the world, with an area of about 44 hectares (110 acres). |
| Most Populous Country | China, located in Asia, is the most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion people. |
| Largest Rainforest | The Amazon Rainforest in South America is the largest rainforest in the world, covering about 5.5 million square kilometers (2.1 million square miles). |
| Hottest Place on Earth | Death Valley in California, USA, holds the record for the highest air temperature ever recorded on Earth, reaching 56.7°C (134°F) in 1913. |
| Coldest Place on Earth | Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, with temperatures reaching as low as -89.2°C (-128.6°F) at the Soviet Union's Vostok Station in 1983. |
Understanding Constitutional Amendments for “One Nation, One Election” (Jamili Elections) in India
In recent years, there has been a growing debate in India about the concept of "One Nation, One Election" or Jamili Elections, which aims to synchronize the elections of the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and State Legislative Assemblies. The idea is to streamline the election process and reduce the constant cycle of elections that often disrupts governance, development, and stability. However, implementing simultaneous elections requires significant constitutional amendments to align the terms and conditions of both central and state legislatures. This blog explores the key constitutional provisions that need to be amended and explains the legal, political, and administrative changes required to achieve "One Nation, One Election."
The Concept of One Nation, One Election
Economic Disparities in India : Richest and Poorest States
India, with its diverse economy, exhibits significant disparities in wealth distribution across its states. Understanding these disparities is crucial for students studying economics, geography, and social sciences. This article delves into the richest and poorest states in India based on per capita income, providing insights into the economic landscape of the country.
Richest States by Per Capita Income
Understanding Twin Limes : A Curious Phenomenon in Citrus Trees
What Are Twin Limes?
The Richest Man in India : Gautam Adani and the Concentration of Wealth
Gautam Adani, the chairman of the Adani Group, is currently the Richest person in India with a net worth of ₹10.94 lakh crore according to the Hurun India Rich List 2024. Adani's rise to the top reflects his strategic expansion across various sectors such as infrastructure, energy, and logistics. Close behind is Mukesh Ambani, chairman of Reliance Industries, with a wealth of ₹7.74 lakh crore. These individuals, alongside a few other billionaires, dominate India's economic landscape.
Why a Few Control Most of India's Wealth ?
The Captivating World of Poxviruses : A Deep Dive into Viral History
Poxviruses, a family of viruses that have left an indelible mark on human history, are both feared and fascinating. These viruses have shaped medicine, spurred scientific innovation, and, in some cases, led to the eradication of deadly diseases. From the ancient scourge of smallpox to the modern day concerns of Monkeypox, let's explore the origins, impact, and intriguing stories behind these viral entities.
1. Smallpox: The Ancient Scourge
Type: Viral (Orthopoxvirus)
First Found (Year): Egypt (~3rd Century BCE)
Smallpox, caused by the variola virus, is one of the deadliest diseases ever encountered by humanity. Historical records suggest that smallpox may have first emerged in ancient Egypt, with mummified remains from around 3,000 years ago showing evidence of the virus. Smallpox caused severe symptoms, including high fever, fatigue, and a distinctive rash that developed into fluidfilled blisters. The disease had a mortality rate of up to 30%, making it a relentless killer.
First Known Cases of Major Diseases Worldwide
1.
AIDS - First case in Congo (1959)
2. H1N1 (Swine Flu) - First case in Mexico (2009)
3. COVID-19 - First case in China (2019)
4. Ebola - First case in South Sudan (1976)
5. Bird Flu (H5N1) - First case in Hong Kong (1997)
6. Dengue Fever - First case in Manila, Philippines (1950s)
7. SARS - First case in Guangdong, China (2002)
8. MERS - First case in Saudi Arabia (2012)
9. Zika Virus - First case in Uganda (1947)
10. Spanish Flu - First case in USA (1918, believed)
11. Cholera - First case in Indian Subcontinent (Early 19th century)
12. Plague (Black Death) - First case in Central Asia (1347-1351)
13. Smallpox - First case in Northeast Africa (3rd century BCE)
14. Tuberculosis - First case in Egypt (3000 BC)
15. Malaria - First case in Africa (Prehistoric)
16. Yellow Fever - First case in West Africa (17th century)
17. Polio - First case in Egypt (1580 BCE)
18. Measles - First case in Middle East (7th century AD)
19. Typhoid Fever - First case in Ancient Greece (430-426 BCE)
20. Leprosy - First case in India (2000 BCE)
21. Syphilis - First case in Europe (1494)
22. Bubonic Plague - First case in China (1334)
23. Scarlet Fever - First case in England (1675)
24. West Nile Virus - First case in Uganda (1937)
25. Anthrax - First case in Egypt (1250 BCE)
26. Rabies - First case in Babylonia (2300 BCE)
27. Cholera - First case in India (1817)
28. Marburg Virus - First case in Germany (1967)
29. Mumps - First case in Ancient Greece (5th century BCE)
30. Rubella - First case in Germany (1814)
31. Lyme Disease - First case in USA (1975)
32. Legionnaires' Disease - First case in USA (1976)
33. Lassa Fever - First case in Nigeria (1969)
34. Hantavirus - First case in Korea (1950s)
35. Chikungunya - First case in Tanzania (1952)
36. Hepatitis B - First case in China (4th millennium BCE)
37. Hepatitis C - First case in Egypt (1940s)
38. Hepatitis A - First case in USA (1970s)
39. Q Fever - First case in Australia (1935)
40. Rickettsia - First case in USA (1909)
41. Mad Cow Disease (BSE) - First case in UK (1986)
42. CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) - First case in UK (1920s)
43. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - First case in USA (1896)
44. Nipah Virus - First case in Malaysia (1998)
45. Yaws - First case in Africa (Prehistoric)
46. Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) - First case in Africa (1893)
47. Trachoma - First case in Egypt (27th century BCE)
48. Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) - First case in Ancient Egypt (1500
BCE)
49. Lymphatic Filariasis - First case in Egypt (2000 BCE)
50. Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis) - First case in India (1824)
51. Trichinosis - First case in Ancient Greece (1200 BCE)
52. Cysticercosis - First case in Mexico (1500 BCE)
53. Schistosomiasis - First case in Ancient Egypt (1900 BCE)
54. Tetanus - First case in Ancient Egypt (5th century BCE)
55. Diphtheria - First case in Ancient Egypt (5th century BCE)
56. Pertussis (Whooping Cough) - First case in France (1578)
57. Influenza - First case in Russia (1889)
58. Pneumonia - First case in Ancient Greece (4th century BCE)
59. Typhus - First case in Spain (1489)
60. Psittacosis (Parrot Fever) - First case in Switzerland (1879)
61. Scabies - First case in Italy (1687)
62. Trench Fever - First case in Europe (1915)
63. Yellow Nail Syndrome - First case in USA (1964)
64. Echinococcosis (Hydatid Disease) - First case in Iceland (1771)
65. Brugia malayi - First case in Malaysia (1927)
66. Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever - First case in Saudi Arabia (1994)
67. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever - First case in Crimea (1944)
68. Rift Valley Fever - First case in Kenya (1931)
69. Chagas Disease - First case in Brazil (1909)
70. Sleeping Sickness (African Trypanosomiasis) - First case in Uganda (1901)
71. Leishmaniasis - First case in India (1824)
72. Leptospirosis - First case in Germany (1916)
73. Monkeypox - First case in Congo (1970)
74. Acanthamoeba keratitis - First case in USA (1973)
75. Babesiosis - First case in USA (1969)
76. Melioidosis - First case in Myanmar (1912)
77. Strongyloidiasis - First case in Italy (1876)
78. Scrub Typhus - First case in Japan (1899)
79. Tsutsugamushi Disease - First case in Japan (1899)
80. Eosinophilic meningitis - First case in USA (1945)
81. Histoplasmosis - First case in USA (1906)
82. Blastomycosis - First case in USA (1894)
83. Coccidioidomycosis - First case in USA (1892)
84. Paracoccidioidomycosis - First case in Brazil (1908)
85. Sporotrichosis - First case in USA (1898)
86. Cryptococcosis - First case in Italy (1894)
87. Mycetoma - First case in Venezuela (1842)
88. Penicilliosis - First case in USA (1956)
89. Aspergillosis - First case in Germany (1856)
90. Histoplasmosis - First case in USA (1906)
91. Listeriosis - First case in USA (1924)
92. Erysipelas - First case in Ancient Greece (11th century)
93. Amoebiasis - First case in Russia (1875)
94. Fascioliasis - First case in Russia (1883)
95. Gnathostomiasis - First case in Thailand (1830)
96. Giardiasis - First case in Russia (1859)
97. Toxoplasmosis - First case in Germany (1908)
98. Trichuriasis - First case in Germany (1761)
99. Ascariasis - First case in China (1935)
100. Hookworm Disease - First case in Italy (1838)
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Most Important List of Common Fruits and Acids
The Ultimate Fruit Acid Compendium
| S.No | Acid | Fruit | Acid Formula |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Citric Acid | Orange, Lemon, Pineapple | C₆H₈O₇ |
| 2 | Malic Acid | Apple, Cherry, Pear | C₄H₆O₅ |
| 3 | Tartaric Acid | Grape | C₄H₆O₆ |
| 4 | Ascorbic Acid | Guava, Kiwi, Papaya | C₆H₈O₆ |
| 5 | Oxalic Acid | Starfruit (Carambola) | C₂H₂O₄ |
Essential Banking Acronyms You Must Know
100 Most Commonly Used Banking Full Forms
| S.No | Acronym | Full Form |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | UPI | Unified Payments Interface |
| 2 | POS | Point of Sale |
| 3 | CVV | Card Verification Value |
| 4 | QR | Quick Response (Code) |
| 5 | ATM | Automated Teller Machine |
Why India Struggles to Shine at the Olympics
India’s struggle to win Olympic medals compared to countries like the USA and China is a multifaceted issue. Here are some key factors contributing to this disparity
Key Factors
Investment in Sports:
- USA and China: These countries invest heavily in sports infrastructure, training facilities, and athlete development programs. For example, China spends approximately ₹3 lakh crore annually on sports.
- India: In contrast, India’s sports budget is around ₹3,400 crore. This significant difference in funding impacts the quality of training and facilities available to athletes.
Sports Infrastructure:
- USA and China: Both countries have world-class sports facilities and access to advanced training technologies.
- India: Many athletes lack access to proper training facilities and equipment, which hampers their performance on the global stage.
Government Support and Policies:
- USA and China: These countries have robust policies and support systems in place to nurture talent from a young age.
- India: There is often a lack of consistent government support and effective policies to identify and nurture young talent.
Cultural Priorities:
- USA and China: Sports are a significant part of the culture, and there is a strong emphasis on physical education and sports participation from a young age.
- India: Education often takes precedence over sports, and many families prioritize academic achievements over athletic pursuits.
Exposure to International Competitions:
- USA and China: Athletes regularly participate in international competitions, gaining valuable experience and exposure.
- India: Limited opportunities for international exposure can hinder the development of competitive skills among Indian athletes.
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The Best of Indian Cinema : 70th National Film Awards
National Best Film: Attam (Malayalam)
Best Actor: Rishabh Shetty (Kantara, Kannada)
Kolkata Doctor’s Tragic Rape - Murder Case : Charges and Legal Proceedings
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The recent Rape and Murder of a postgraduate doctor in Kolkata have led to widespread protests
across West Bengal. The incident has sparked outrage and demands for justice,
with many calling for the harshest possible punishment for the accused. The
case has brought to light serious concerns about the safety of women and
medical professionals in the region.
Specific Charges Against the Accused and Punishments
1.
Rape: Under Section 376 of
the IPC
o Punishment: Imprisonment for a term not less than 10
years, which may extend to life imprisonment, and a fine.
2. Murder: Under Section 302 of the IPC
Countries and Their Historical Name
Countries and Their Historical Name Changes: A Comprehensive List
- Myanmar - Burma
- Sri Lanka - Ceylon
- Bangladesh - East Pakistan
- Iran - Persia
- Thailand - Siam
- Indonesia - Dutch East Indies
- Iraq - Mesopotamia
- Turkey - Anatolia
How many countries share their Independence Day with India
India shares its Independence Day, August 15, with five other countries. Here's a detailed overview of these nations and the significance of the date:
1. South Korea :
2. North Korea :
Simplified Indian Constitution Schedules
| Schedule | Purpose | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | Lists the States and Union Territories of India. | Defines the territorial extent and names of States and UTs. |
| 2nd | Deals with the salaries of public officials, including the President, Judges, etc. | Provides financial security to high-ranking officials. |
| 3rd | Contains the forms of oaths and affirmations for elected officials. | Ensures commitment to uphold the Constitution. |
India's National Symbols: The Stories Behind the Icons
India, a land of diverse cultures, languages, and
traditions, is unified under the banner of its national symbols. These symbols
represent the core values, historical heritage, and cultural richness of the
country. From the majestic Bengal Tiger to the revered Ganges River, each
symbol has a story to tell, reflecting the essence of India. In this article,
we will explore these symbols in depth, uncovering their origins, significance,
and the role they play in shaping the national identity.
1. National Song:
Vande Mataram
Author: Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Significance: Vande Mataram, meaning "I Bow to Thee,
Mother," is more than just a song; it is a hymn to the motherland. Written
by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in Sanskrit, it was first published in his novel
"Anandamath" in 1882. The song played a pivotal role during the
Indian independence movement, inspiring freedom fighters to rally against
colonial rule. Its lyrics evoke deep patriotism and reverence for the land,
encapsulating the spirit of India's struggle for freedom.
2. National Anthem:
Jana Gana Mana
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