Saint Martin’s Island was part of
British India until 1937 when Myanmar (then Burma) was separated. After the
partition of India in 1947, it came under Pakistan’s control. Following
Bangladesh’s Liberation War in 1971, Saint Martin’s Island became part of
Bangladesh.
The
island’s status as Bangladeshi territory was solidified by a 1974 agreement
between Bangladesh and Myanmar. This was later affirmed by the International
Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) in 2012, which recognized Bangladesh’s
sovereignty over the island.
Although geographically closer to Myanmar, the island is administratively and politically linked to Bangladesh. It is situated about 9 kilometers south of the Cox’s Bazar-Teknaf peninsula, making it more accessible from Bangladesh.
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